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Why the Verb Is the Heart of Hindi Grammar
In a Hindi sentence the verb (क्रिया) carries the tense, gender, number and person, so a wrong verb form breaks the whole sentence. That is why exams ask about it from many angles: does the verb need an object, was the action done by the subject or by someone else, is the verb made of two parts, or was it built from a noun?
Hindi grammar sorts verbs on two bases. On the basis of the object they are सकर्मक, अकर्मक and द्विकर्मक. On the basis of how they are built they are संयुक्त (compound), प्रेरणार्थक (causative), नामधातु (noun-derived) and पूर्वकालिक (the 'having done' form).
This short gives you one quick test for each type and the exact examples that TRE-4, CTET, SSC and Railway papers keep repeating.
1. In the sentence 'मोहन आम खाता है।', what kind of verb is 'खाता है'?
2. In which of the following sentences is the verb अकर्मक?
3. In 'पिता ने पुत्र को घड़ी दी।', what is the verb 'दी'?
4. What is the द्वितीय प्रेरणार्थक form of the verb 'लिखना'?
5. In 'वह बरसने लगा।', which type of संयुक्त क्रिया is 'बरसने लगा'?
6. Which of the following verbs is a नामधातु?
7. In 'वह खाकर सो गया।', what is 'खाकर'?
8. What is the प्रथम प्रेरणार्थक form of the akarmak verb 'गिरना'?