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Hindi did not appear ready-made. It arrived at the end of a long chain of languages, and this chapter is that chain plus the family of dialects that grew out of its last link.
First, the distinction papers open with. A भाषा is a developed language with a standard grammar, a script and a body of literature, used over a wide area and in administration. A बोली is a regional speech form used over a smaller area, usually without a standardised grammar of its own. The boundary is not permanent — a बोली can become a भाषा, which is exactly what happened to खड़ी बोली, and what happened to मैथिली when it entered the Eighth Schedule as a language in its own right.
Second, Hindi's place in the world's languages. It belongs to the भारोपीय or Indo-European family, in its Indo-Aryan branch, which makes it a distant relative of Persian, Greek, Latin and English, and NOT related to Tamil, Telugu, Kannada or Malayalam, which are द्रविड़ languages.
BPSC TRE-4 Part I Hindi, CTET language papers, Bihar STET and the Hindi sections of SSC and the railway exams all ask from this chapter.
1. हिंदी किस भाषा-परिवार की भाषा है?
2. हिंदी के विकास का सही क्रम कौन-सा है?
3. देवनागरी लिपि का विकास किस प्राचीन लिपि से हुआ है?
4. आधुनिक मानक हिंदी किस बोली पर आधारित है?
5. तुलसीदास कृत 'रामचरितमानस' किस बोली में रचित है?
6. भोजपुरी, मगही तथा मैथिली हिंदी के किस उपभाषा वर्ग में आती हैं?
7. हिंदी दिवस किस तिथि को मनाया जाता है?
8. ब्रजभाषा के सर्वाधिक प्रसिद्ध कवि कौन माने जाते हैं?