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Why Noun and Pronoun Questions Never Go Away
Hindi grammar sections in SSC, Railway, CTET language papers and teacher-recruitment exams return, year after year, to two parts of speech: sangya (noun) and sarvanam (pronoun). The reason is simple. A single sentence can hide several of them, and the examiner only needs one underlined word to make a four-option question.
You do not need long definitions. You need a one-line test for each type, so that a word can be sorted in five seconds. A sangya names a person, place, thing, idea or group. A sarvanam stands in place of a sangya, so that the sentence does not keep repeating the same name.
This short gives the types, the test for each, and the three traps that account for most wrong answers: aap, kya and kaun, and a pronoun that turns into an adjective.
1. What kind of noun is the word 'मिठास' (sweetness)?
2. In the five-fold classification, the word 'सेना' (army) is which type of noun?
3. In the five-fold classification, which kind of noun is 'सोना' (gold) in the sentence 'सोना महँगा हो गया'?
4. In the sentence 'जो बोएगा, वही काटेगा', the word 'जो' is which type of pronoun?
5. In the sentence 'कोई दरवाज़े पर खड़ा है', 'कोई' is which type of pronoun?
6. In the sentence 'मैं खुद वहाँ गया था', 'खुद' is which type of pronoun?
7. In 'यह किताब मेरी है', the word 'यह' is a:
8. Which of the following is a second-person (madhyam purush) pronoun?