Hindi Vakya Shuddhi — The Six Errors Every Paper Plants

Two to Five Marks, Every Single Paper

Every Hindi language section carries a block of "निम्नलिखित में से शुद्ध वाक्य कौन-सा है?" questions, and most candidates answer them by ear — whichever option *sounds* right. That is a coin toss, because the paper-setter builds the wrong options out of the very sentences people say every day.

The good news is that the setter is not inventing errors freely. Vakya shuddhi recycles six families: लिंग (gender), वचन (number), कारक/परसर्ग (case markers), क्रिया-अन्वय (verb agreement), पुनरुक्ति (redundancy) and वर्तनी/शब्द-प्रयोग (spelling and word choice).

So do not ask "does this sound correct?" Ask instead: what is the gender of the noun, what is its number, which परसर्ग belongs here, does the verb agree, is any word repeating an idea already present, and is every word spelt in its standard form. Six checks, and the option survives or it does not.

1. Which of the following sentences is grammatically correct in Hindi?

2. Which of the following sentences is correct with respect to number (वचन)?

3. Which of the following sentences is free from redundancy (पुनरुक्ति दोष)?

4. Which of the following sentences uses the case marker (परसर्ग) correctly?

5. Which of the following words is spelt in its standard form?

6. Which of the following is the standard (शुद्ध) word form?

7. Which of the following sentences shows correct verb agreement (क्रिया-अन्वय)?

8. Which of the following sentences is correct with respect to gender (लिंग)?