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Article 1 does not call India a federation. It calls India a Union of States, and Dr Ambedkar explained the choice plainly: the Union is indestructible, but the states are not. No Indian state has a right to exist in its present shape.
That is why redrawing the map is ordinary legislation, not a constitutional amendment. Under Article 3, Parliament may form a new state, or alter the area, boundaries or name of any existing state, by a simple majority.
Two conditions apply. The Bill needs the President's prior recommendation, and the President must refer it to the legislature of the affected state for its views within a fixed period. But Parliament is not bound by those views — it may accept them, reject them, or proceed once the period lapses. Telangana was created in 2014 over the objection of the Andhra Pradesh assembly, which is this rule in action.
1. How many union territories does India have at present?
2. The Sixth Schedule of the Constitution deals with the administration of tribal areas in which four states?
3. Article 239AA of the Constitution, inserted by the 69th Amendment, contains special provisions for:
4. Which was the first Indian state to be created on a linguistic basis?
5. Telangana was carved out of Andhra Pradesh and became a separate state in the year:
6. Under Article 3, when Parliament proposes to alter the boundary of a state, the views expressed by that state's legislature are:
7. Which of the following union territories has its own legislature?
8. Who was the chairman of the States Reorganisation Commission appointed in 1953?