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Free English shorts

अंग्रेज़ी · انگریزی

23 topics, each a handful of cards plus practice questions with explanations. Free to read in full — no sign-up. Counts for TRE-4, STET, CTET, SSC CGL, SSC CHSL, UP TET.

23 shorts · 184 practice questions

• Active and Passive Voice — The Conversion Rule for Every Tenseकर्तृवाच्य और कर्मवाच्य — हर काल के लिए बदलने का पक्का नियमObject first, the right form of BE + V3, agent after 'by'. One table covers every tense, and four traps cover almost every wrong option papers print.6 CARDS · 8 QUESTIONS
• Articles and Prepositions — The Rules Behind Almost Every Fill-in-the-Blankआर्टिकल और प्रीपोज़िशन — लगभग हर रिक्त-स्थान प्रश्न के पीछे के नियमWhy a/an depends on sound and not on spelling, the full list of nouns that take 'the' and the ones that take nothing, the in–on–at rule for time and place, the fixed verb-and-preposition pairs papers reuse, and the verbs that must take no preposition at all. Written for the English sections of BPSC TRE-4, CTET, SSC CGL/CHSL, Railway NTPC and UPSC.6 CARDS · 8 QUESTIONS
• Clauses, Conjunctions and Sentence Transformation — Count the Clauses and the Answer Appearsउपवाक्य, समुच्चयबोधक और वाक्य रूपांतरण — उपवाक्य गिनिए, उत्तर स्वयं सामने आ जाएगाSimple, compound or complex is not a memory question — it is a counting question. Count the finite verbs, apply the standing-alone test, and conjunction, clause-type and transformation questions all collapse into one skill.6 CARDS · 8 QUESTIONS
• Determiners and Quantifiers — Much, Many, Few, Little, Each, EveryDeterminers और Quantifiers — Much, Many, Few, Little, Each, EveryMuch or many? Few or a few? Each or every? English determiners look like synonyms until an exam builds a whole question on the one word you swap by accident. One rule about countable and uncountable nouns unlocks nearly all of them.6 CARDS · 8 QUESTIONS
• Direct and Indirect Speech — The Conversion Rules for Statements, Questions and Commandsप्रत्यक्ष और अप्रत्यक्ष कथन — कथन, प्रश्न और आदेश के रूपांतरण के नियमPronoun change, tense backshift and the exception that cancels it, the time and place word list, and the four sentence types — statement, question, command and exclamation — each with its own reporting verb. Written for the English sections of BPSC TRE-4, CTET, SSC CGL/CHSL and Railway NTPC.6 CARDS · 8 QUESTIONS
• English Grammar — Conditionals, Degrees of Comparison and Question Tagsअंग्रेज़ी व्याकरण — कंडीशनल वाक्य, तुलना की अवस्थाएँ तथा प्रश्नवाचक पुच्छThe four if-clause patterns, why 'will' can never follow 'if', why senior takes 'to' and never 'than', and the six rules that decide every question tag. Three small areas that between them supply a steady share of error-spotting, fill-in-the-blank and sentence-improvement questions in SSC CGL/CHSL, Railway NTPC, BPSC TRE-4 Part I English and the CTET language paper.6 CARDS · 8 QUESTIONS
• English Punctuation and Capitalisation — The Comma, Semicolon, Apostrophe and Capital-Letter Rulesअंग्रेज़ी विराम-चिह्न और बड़े अक्षर — कॉमा, सेमीकोलन, अपॉस्ट्रॉफ़ी तथा कैपिटल लेटर के नियमPunctuation is the cheapest mark in the English paper and the one most students never revise. Six comma jobs, one semicolon rule, the its/it's split and eight capitalisation rules cover almost every question asked.6 CARDS · 8 QUESTIONS
• English Vocabulary — Synonyms, Antonyms, Spelling and the Confusable Word Pairs Papers Reuseअंग्रेज़ी शब्दावली — समानार्थी, विलोम, वर्तनी और प्रश्नपत्रों में बार-बार आने वाले भ्रमित शब्द-युग्मVocabulary looks like memory and is actually method. Learn twenty roots — bene good, mal bad, omni all, phil love, poly many, chron time, cide kill, vor eat — and you can read a word you have never met. Antonyms come from prefixes with one spelling rule: im- before b, m, p · il- before l · ir- before r · in- everywhere else. Then learn the twenty confusable pairs papers keep reusing: principal/principle, stationary/stationery, affect/effect, eminent/imminent.6 CARDS · 8 QUESTIONS
• Error Spotting and Sentence Improvement — The Fixed Scan Orderत्रुटि पहचान एवं वाक्य सुधार — जाँच का निश्चित क्रमA sentence can mean exactly what it should and still be wrong. Six checks in a fixed order — verb, preposition, pronoun, modifier, redundancy, article — and the error stops hiding.6 CARDS · 8 QUESTIONS
• Figures of Speech — Identify Any One From a Single Sentence in Ten Secondsअलंकार (Figures of Speech) — किसी भी एक को एक ही वाक्य से दस सेकंड में पहचानिएTwenty names, one question type: here is a sentence, name the figure. Sort them into three families — comparison, exaggeration-and-contrast, and sound-and-substitution — and every question becomes a two-step check instead of a memory test.6 CARDS · 8 QUESTIONS
• Idioms, Phrasal Verbs and One-Word Substitution — The Vocabulary Block Papers Keep Reusingमुहावरे, फ्रेज़ल वर्ब और एक शब्द प्रतिस्थापन — शब्द भंडार का वह भाग जो प्रश्नपत्र दोहराते रहते हैंThe vocabulary block is the cheapest scoring section in any English paper: no grammar rule to apply, no passage to read, only recall. Idioms mean something other than their words, phrasal verbs change meaning entirely when the particle changes, and one-word substitutions can be decoded from their prefixes — miso hate, phil love, omni all, -cide killing. With the exact traps SSC CGL/CHSL, Railway NTPC/Group D, BPSC TRE-4 Part I, CTET and UPSC CSAT set on each.6 CARDS · 8 QUESTIONS
• Irregular Verbs: V1, V2, V3 and the Lie/Lay, Rise/Raise Confusionsअनियमित क्रियाएँ: V1, V2, V3 और Lie/Lay, Rise/Raise की उलझनेंV2 stands alone in the simple past, while V3 needs a helper like has, had or was. Add the object test for lie/lay, rise/raise and sit/set, and most irregular-verb errors in SSC, CTET and TRE-4 English vanish in seconds.6 CARDS · 8 QUESTIONS
• Modals and Non-Finite Verbs — Can, May, Must and the Gerund–Infinitive–Participle Trioमोडल और अपूर्ण क्रियाएँ — Can, May, Must तथा Gerund–Infinitive–Participle की तिकड़ीNine core modals, four rules and one gerund–infinitive split cover most error-spotting marks in the English paper. A modal always takes the bare infinitive, never takes -s, never pairs with another modal. Need not removes obligation, must not forbids. A preposition is always followed by a gerund, and an opening -ing phrase must belong to the subject after the comma. Written for SSC CGL/CHSL, Railway NTPC, BPSC TRE-4 Part I and CTET language papers.6 CARDS · 8 QUESTIONS
• Modifiers and Parallel Structure — The Placement and Matching Rules Behind Sentence Correctionविशेषण-वाक्यांश एवं समान्तर संरचना — वाक्य-सुधार के पीछे के स्थान एवं मिलान नियमTwo rules quietly decide half of all 'Sentence Improvement' questions: a modifier must sit right next to the word it describes, and every item joined by 'and' or 'or' in a list must be the same grammatical shape. Miss either rule and a sentence sounds fine out loud but is marked wrong on paper.6 CARDS · 8 QUESTIONS
• Para Jumbles and Sentence Rearrangement — Find the Opener, Then Chain the Pronounsअनुच्छेद क्रम और वाक्य पुनर्व्यवस्था — पहले आरंभिक वाक्य ढूँढिए, फिर सर्वनामों की कड़ी जोड़िएPara jumbles are not guesswork. The opening sentence never carries a pronoun or a connector, and every other sentence is chained to one before it by a pronoun, an article or a time word. Find one certain pair and the options eliminate themselves.6 CARDS · 8 QUESTIONS
• Parts of Speech — Noun Types, Pronoun Case, and the Adjective–Adverb Lineशब्द भेद (Parts of Speech) — संज्ञा के प्रकार, सर्वनाम की कारक-स्थिति और विशेषण–क्रियाविशेषण की सीमा-रेखाA word has no fixed part of speech — only the job it is doing in this sentence. Learn the job test and the noun, pronoun and adjective questions stop being memory and start being logic.6 CARDS · 8 QUESTIONS
• Plurals, Gender Pairs and Collective Nouns: The Exception Lists Exams Testबहुवचन, लिंग-युग्म और समूहवाचक संज्ञाएँ: परीक्षा में पूछी जाने वाली अपवाद सूचियाँCriterion–criteria, widower–widow, a pride of lions: the plural, feminine-gender and collective-noun exception lists that SSC, Railway and TRE-4 English papers repeat.6 CARDS · 8 QUESTIONS
• Reading Comprehension and Cloze Test — Working a Real Passage Instead of Guessing at Oneपठन बोध और क्लोज़ टेस्ट — अनुमान लगाने के बजाय असली गद्यांश पर काम करनाReading comprehension is the only part of the English paper that needs no memorising — the answer is printed on the page. Four question types cover almost every item: factual detail, vocabulary-in-context, inference, and tone or title. The discipline that turns them into marks is refusing to accept any option you cannot point at a line for. A cloze blank is settled by four checks in order: grammar first, then collocation, then the logic connector, then tone. Three traps repeat across papers: an option that is true in the world but never stated in the passage, an inference stretched one step further than the text allows, and a cloze distractor that is grammatical but does not collocate. Worked here on real passages, with the trap named each time.6 CARDS · 8 QUESTIONS
• Sequence of Tenses: Backshift, Universal Truths, Purpose Clauses and the 'Than/As' Exceptionsकाल-क्रम (Sequence of Tenses): बैकशिफ़्ट, सार्वभौमिक सत्य, उद्देश्य उपवाक्य और 'Than/As' के अपवादPast in the main clause pulls the next clause back too, until a universal truth, a than-clause or a purpose clause says otherwise. The rule and its five exceptions.6 CARDS · 8 QUESTIONS
• Subject–Verb Agreement — The Six Traps Papers Keep Reusingकर्ता–क्रिया मेल — वे छह जाल जो प्रश्नपत्र बार-बार दोहराते हैंIgnore the words between subject and verb, remember that 'as well as' is not 'and', let either/or agree with the nearer subject, and know which -s nouns are secretly singular — the four moves that clear almost every error-spotting question in SSC, Railway and teacher-recruitment papers.6 CARDS · 8 QUESTIONS
• Subjunctive Mood: Wish, If Only, As If, Would Rather and the 'Were' for 'Was' Ruleसब्जंक्टिव मूड: Wish, If Only, As If, Would Rather और 'Were' बनाम 'Was' का नियमWishes, unreal situations and demands switch the verb into a special form: 'I wish I were', 'If only I had', 'He insisted that she go'. Learn the five patterns that decide every fill-in and error-spotting item.6 CARDS · 8 QUESTIONS
• Tenses — The 12 Forms and How Exams Test Themकाल — 12 रूप और परीक्षा उन्हें कैसे पूछती हैEvery English section tests tenses. Learn the 12-box grid once and error-spotting questions become mechanical.6 CARDS · 8 QUESTIONS
• Word Formation — Prefixes, Suffixes and Roots That Decode Words You Have Never Seenशब्द-रचना — उपसर्ग, प्रत्यय और मूल अंश, जिनसे अनजान अंग्रेज़ी शब्द भी खुल जाता हैYou cannot memorise the dictionary, but you can memorise sixty word-parts. A prefix bends the meaning, a suffix decides the part of speech, and the root carries the sense — split the word and most vocabulary questions answer themselves.6 CARDS · 8 QUESTIONS